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trichloroethylene

solvents
2D:
3D:
CAS Number: 79-01-6
ECHA EC Number: 201-167-4
FDA UNII: 290YE8AR51
Category: solvents
IUPAC Name: trichloroethylene
InChI : InChI=1/C2HCl3/c3-1-2(4)5/h1H
Std.InChI: InChI=1S/C2HCl3/c3-1-2(4)5/h1H
InChIKey : XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYAI
Std.InChIKey: XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES : C(=C(Cl)Cl)Cl
MDL: MFCD00000838
Molar Refractivity : 25.76 ± 0.3 cm3 (est)
Parachor : 210.4 ± 4.0 cm3 (est)
Index of Refraction : 1.489 ± 0.02 (est)
Surface Tension : 31.0 ± 3.0 dyne/cm (est)
Density : 1.474 ± 0.06 g/cm3 (est)
Polarizability : 10.21 ± 0.5 10-24cm3 (est)

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:

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FDA Mainterm (SATF):79-01-6 ; TRICHLOROETHYLENE
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.560 Modified hop extract.


FDA PART 173 -- SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart C--Solvents, Lubricants, Release Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 173.290 Trichloroethylene.


FDA PART 175 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS
Subpart B--Substances for Use Only as Components of Adhesives
Sec. 175.105 Adhesives.


FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS
Subpart B--Substances for Use as Basic Components of Single and Repeated Use Food Contact Surfaces
Sec. 177.1960 Vinyl chloride-hexene-1 copolymers.


FDA PART 73 -- LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION
Subpart A--Foods
Sec. 73.345 Paprika oleoresin.


FDA PART 73 -- LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION
Subpart A--Foods
Sec. 73.615 Turmeric oleoresin.

Physical Properties:

Appearance:colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity:1.46300 @ 25.00 °C.
Melting Point: 87.00 to 88.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 87.20 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure:69.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 54.00 °F. TCC ( 12.10 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 2.420
Soluble in:
water, 1280 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)

Cosmetic Information:

None found

Suppliers:

Covalent Chemical
Trichloroethylene
Rainbow Chemical
Trichloroethylene 99.6
Sigma-Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
Trichloroethylene ACS reagent, ≥99.5%
Silver Fern Chemical
Trichloroethylene
Odor: characteristic
Use: Trichloroethylene is commonly used in metal degreasing and as a solvent for oils, fats, and waxes. It can also be considered a heat-exchange fluid and has applications in industries such as inks and dyes, electronics, paints and adhesives, and textiles.

Safety Information:

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 4920 mg/kg
Industrial Health. Vol. 32, Pg. 145, 1994.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50 1282 mg/kg
Environmental Research. Vol. 40, Pg. 411, 1986.

oral-cat LDLo 5864 mg/kg
"Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 76, 1959.

intraperitoneal-dog LD50 1900 mg/kg
LIVER: LIVER FUNCTION TESTS IMPAIRED
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 10, Pg. 119, 1967.

intravenous-dog LDLo 150 mg/kg
Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. Vol. 7, Pg. 205, 1934.

oral-human LDLo 7000 mg/kg
Archives of Toxicology. Vol. 35, Pg. 295, 1976.

oral-man TDLo 1 mL/kg
BEHAVIORAL: COMABEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
Toxicological Sciences. Vol. 41, Pg. 157, 1998.

oral-man TDLo 2143 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES
"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 602, 1969.

intravenous-mouse LD50 33900 ug/kg
"Summary Tables of Biological Tests," National Research Council Chemical-Biological Coordination Center. Vol. 6, Pg. 141, 1954.

oral-mouse LD50 2402 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIASKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHERBEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)
National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD-A080-636

oral-rabbit LDLo 7330 mg/kg
"Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 76, 1959.

intratracheal-rat LDLo 150 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0520615

Dermal Toxicity:
subcutaneous-dog LDLo 150 mg/kg
"Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 76, 1959.

subcutaneous-mouse LD50 16000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIABEHAVIORAL: SLEEP
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 123, Pg. 224, 1958.

skin-rabbit LD50 > 20000 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD-A062-138

subcutaneous-rabbit LDLo 1800 mg/kg
Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. Vol. 7, Pg. 205, 1934.

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-mouse LC50 8450 ppm/4H
Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 9, Pg. 303, 1953.

inhalation-cat LCLo 32500 mg/m3/2H
PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGEBEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETICBEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
Archiv fuer Hygiene und Bakteriologie. Vol. 116, Pg. 131, 1936.

inhalation-guinea pig LCLo 37200 ppm/40M
"Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 76, 1959.

inhalation-human TCLo 160 ppm/83M
BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 23, Pg. 167, 1962.

inhalation-human TCLo 500 ppm/16.1Y-
KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: CHANGES IN BOTH TUBULES AND GLOMERULIKIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: PROTEINURIS
Archives of Toxicology. Vol. 73, Pg. 246, 1999.

inhalation-human TCLo 812 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGESBEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)LIVER: "JAUNDICE, OTHER OR UNCLASSIFIED"
British Medical Journal. Vol. 2, Pg. 689, 1945.

inhalation-human TCLo 6900 mg/m3/10M
BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
Archiv fuer Hygiene und Bakteriologie. Vol. 116, Pg. 131, 1936.

inhalation-man LCLo 2900 ppm
New Zealand Medical Journal. Vol. 50, Pg. 119, 1951.

inhalation-man TCLo 110 ppm/8H
BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE
British Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol. 28, Pg. 293, 1971.

inhalation-rabbit LCLo 11000 ppm
FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. Vol. 48A, Pg. 121, 1970.

inhalation-rat LCLo 4800 ppm/4H
AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. Vol. 4, Pg. 469, 1951.

Safety in Use Information:

Category:
solvents
Recommendation for trichloroethylene usage levels up to:
not for fragrance use.
Recommendation for trichloroethylene flavor usage levels up to:
not for flavor use.

Safety References:

EPI System: View
EPA-Iris:IRIS
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
NIOSH Pocket Guide:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):79-01-6
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :6575
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 1710
WGK Germany:3
1,1,2-trichloroethene
Chemidplus:0000079016
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:79-01-6

References:

1,1,2-trichloroethene
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:79-01-6
Pubchem (cid):6575
Pubchem (sid):134971240

Other Information:

(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances:View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
UM BBD:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C06790
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB29593
FooDB:FDB000752
Export Tariff Code:2903.22.0000
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•medicinal trichloroethylene may contain thymol as a preservative; industrial grades may contain stabilizers, such as triethylamine.?6?1grades: usp; technical; high purity; electronic; metal degreasing; extraction.•trichloroethylene is available in the usa in high-purity, electronic usp, technical, metal degreasing and extraction grades•commercial grades of trichloroethylene, formulated to meet use requirements, differ in the amount and type of added inhibitor. typical grades contain >99% trichloroethylene; they include a neutrally inhibited vapor-degreasing grade and a technical grade for use in formulations.•stabilizers that have been used in formulations of trichloroethylene include neutral inhibitors and free-radical scavengers, amyl alcohol, n-propanol, isobutanol, 2-pentanol, diethylamine, triethylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, morpholine, n-methylmorpholine, aniline, acetone, ethyl acetate, borate esters, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-epoxybutane, cyclohexene oxide, butadiene dioxide, styrene oxide, pentene oxide, 2,3-epoxy-1-propenol, 3-methoxy-1,2-epoxypropane, stearates, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-pentene, 2-methyl-1,2-epoxypropanol, epoxycyclopentanol, epichlorohydrin, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, 1,4-dioxane, dioxalane, trioxane, alkoxyaldehyde hydrazones, methyl ethyl ketone, nitromethanes, nitropropanes, phenol, ortho-cresol, thymol, para-tert-butylphenol, para-tert-amylphenol, isoeugenol, pyrrole, n-methylpyrrole, n-ethylpyrrole, (2-pyrryl)trimethylsilane, glycidyl acetate, isocyanates and thiazoles.

Potential Blenders and core components :

None Found

Potential Uses:

None Found

Occurrence (nature, food, other):

not found in nature

Synonyms:

1-chloro-2,2-dichloroethylene
1,1-dichloro-2-chloroethylene
ethene, 1,1,2-trichloro-
ethylene trichloride
trichloroethene
1,1,2-trichloroethene
1,1,2-trichloroethylene
1,2,2-trichloroethylene
trilene

Articles:

PubMed:The Potential of the Ni-Resistant TCE-Degrading Pseudomonas putida W619-TCE to Reduce Phytotoxicity and Improve Phytoremediation Efficiency of Poplar Cuttings on A Ni-TCE Co-Contamination.
PubMed:"Cutaneous adverse drug reactions" are not always drug-induced.
PubMed:Ultra sound assisted one step rapid derivatization and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric determination of amino acids in complex matrices.
PubMed:Protistan predation affects trichloroethene biodegradation in a bedrock aquifer.
PubMed:Solvent tolerance acquired by Brevibacillus brevis during an olive-waste vermicomposting process.
PubMed:The use of nonregular fractional factorial designs in combination toxicity studies.
PubMed:Effect of trichloroethylene (TCE) toxicity on the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, brush border membrane and oxidative stress in kidney and other rat tissues.
PubMed:Risk assessment of exposure to volatile organic compounds in groundwater in Taiwan.
PubMed:Insight into the variation in calculated human exposure to soil contaminants using seven different European models.
PubMed:Uses of and exposure to trichloroethylene in U.S. industry: a systematic literature review.
PubMed:Use of beer bran as an adsorbent for the removal of organic compounds from wastewater.
PubMed:Continuous treatment of gas-phase trichloroethylene by Burkholderia cepacia G4 in a two-stage continuous stirred tank reactor/trickling biofilter system.
PubMed:Biochemical reaction network modeling: predicting metabolism of organic chemical mixtures.
PubMed:An ecological study of the association of environmental chemicals on breast cancer incidence in Texas.
PubMed:[Two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analysis on effects of trichloroethylene on protein of L-02 liver cells].
PubMed:Analysis of dichloroacetic acid in rat blood and tissues by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Liver regeneration: a critical toxicodynamic response in predictive toxicology.
PubMed:Final report of the amended safety assessment of Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) root extract.
PubMed:A search for residual behavioral effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) in rats exposed as young adults.
PubMed:Acrylamide and cancer risk--expert risk assessments and the public debate.
PubMed:Toxicokinetics of chloral hydrate in ad libitum-fed, dietary-controlled, and calorically restricted male B6C3F1 mice following short-term exposure.
PubMed:Development and operation of a trickling biofilter system for continuous treatment of gas-phase trichloroethylene.
PubMed:Lipid peroxidation and cell death mechanisms in rats and human cells induced by chloral hydrate.
PubMed:Solanidine hydrolytic extraction and separation from the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) vines by using solid-liquid-liquid systems.
PubMed:The use of in vitro metabolic parameters and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to explore the risk assessment of trichloroethylene.
PubMed:Potential food contaminants and associated health risks.
PubMed:Modelling the responses to biological reactive intermediates: establishing the borderlines of risk.
PubMed:Sorption and biodegradation of vapor-phase organic compounds with wastewater sludge and food waste compost.
PubMed:Guar gum reduces trichloroethylene accumulation in the body by reducing TCE absorption and fat tissue mass.
PubMed:Efficiency of rice bran for removal of organochlorine compounds and benzene from industrial wastewater.
PubMed:Studies on defatted seed removal efficiency for organochlorine compounds.
PubMed:[Prevention of renal carcinoma: the nutri-genetic approach].
PubMed:Cytotoxicity of MEIC Chemicals Nos. 11-30 in 3T3 Mouse Fibroblasts with and without Microsomal Activation.
PubMed:Behavioral components of tolerance to repeated inhalation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in rats.
PubMed:Cubé resin insecticide: identification and biological activity of 29 rotenoid constituents.
PubMed:National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS): distributions and associations of lead, arsenic and volatile organic compounds in EPA region 5.
PubMed:Effects of sodium alginate and fish oil to reduce trichloroethylene accumulation in rats.
PubMed:Estimation of toxicity of chemical mixtures through modeling of chemical interactions.
PubMed:Shoddy practices shut down oxygen supplier.
PubMed:Trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene in ground waters of Zagreb, Croatia.
PubMed:Concentration-time relationships for the effects of inhaled trichloroethylene on signal detection behavior in rats.
PubMed:Development of a priority list of chemical mixtures occurring at 1188 hazardous waste sites, using the HazDat database.
PubMed:Toxicity of mixtures of nephrotoxicants with similar or dissimilar mode of action.
PubMed:Economical designs for detecting and characterizing departure from additivity in mixtures of many chemicals.
PubMed:Characterization of presystemic elimination of trichloroethylene and its nonlinear kinetics in rats.
PubMed:Continuous degradation of trichloroethylene by Xanthobacter sp. strain Py2 during growth on propene.
PubMed:Population-based exposure measurements in EPA region 5: a phase I field study in support of the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey.
PubMed:An epidemic in Cuba of optic neuropathy, sensorineural deafness, peripheral sensory neuropathy and dorsolateral myeloneuropathy.
PubMed:Should chloral hydrate be banned?
PubMed:Assessment of exposure to trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in the population of Zagreb, Croatia.
PubMed:Consideration of the target organ toxicity of trichloroethylene in terms of metabolite toxicity and pharmacokinetics.
PubMed:Uptake by foods of tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, toluene, and benzene from air.
PubMed:Health assessment of hazardous air pollutants The Netherlands.
PubMed:NTP Carcinogenesis Studies of Trichloroethylene (Without Epichlorohydrin) (CAS No. 79-01-6) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies).
PubMed:Rapid gas-chromatographic determination of trichloroethylene and/or tetrachloroethylene in lettuce by direct head-space analysis.
PubMed:[Trichloroethylene poisoning. Presentation of 3 cases and review of the literature].
PubMed:Determination of fumigants in cereals and cereal products by capillary gas chromatography.
PubMed:Rapid determination of fumigant and industrial chemical residues in food.
PubMed:Residues of volatile halocarbons in margarines.
PubMed:Issues and current applications of interspecies extrapolation of carcinogenic potency as a component of risk assessment.
PubMed:Determining multifumigants in whole grains and legumes, milled and low-fat grain products, spices, citrus fruit, and beverages.
PubMed:The in vivo-in vitro hepatocyte assay for assessing DNA repair and DNA replication: studies in the CD-1 mouse.
PubMed:Purge and trap method for determination of volatile halocarbons and carbon disulfide in table-ready foods.
PubMed:Unpredictability: an essay in toxicology.
PubMed:[Effects of one-day food restriction on the metabolism and toxicity of organic solvents in rats].
PubMed:Human exposure to volatile halogenated hydrocarbons from the general environment.
PubMed:Enhanced metabolism of volatile hydrocarbons in rat liver following food deprivation, restricted carbohydrate intake, and administration of ethanol, phenobarbital, polychlorinated biphenyl and 3-methylcholanthrene: a comparative study.
PubMed:Neurophysiological and psychological disorders and occupational exposure to organic solvents.
PubMed:Personal exposure to volatile organic compounds. I. Direct measurements in breathing-zone air, drinking water, food, and exhaled breath.
PubMed:Human exposure to potentially carcinogenic compounds.
PubMed:Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons used in the foods industry: the comparative pharmacokinetics of methylene chloride, 1,2 dichloroethane, chloroform and trichloroethylene after I.V. administration in the rat.
PubMed:Modification of the AOAC method for determination of fumigants in wheat.
PubMed:[Comparison of 4 methods of determination of fat in cooked meals].
PubMed:Trichloroethylene: hepatic effects, metabolism and elimination.
PubMed:Electrical self-stimulation of the brain: a model for the behavioral evaluation of toxic agents.
PubMed:Gas chromatographic determination of residual methylene chloride and trichloroethylene in decaffeinated instant and ground coffee with electrolytic conductivity and electron capture detection.
PubMed:Trichloroethylene. I. An overview.
PubMed:Determination of hexachloro-1,3-butadiene in spinach, eggs, fish, and milk by electron capture gas-liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Carcinogenesis bioassay of trichloroethylene.
PubMed:Behavioral toxicology in the evaluation of food safety.
PubMed:Determination of methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride, and trichloroethylene as solvent residues in spice oleoresins, using vacuum distillation and electron capture gas chromatography.
PubMed:The temperature effect on fumigant descrption from cereal grain.
PubMed:Separation of permitted and non-permitted solvents for use in foodstuffs by gas chromatography and the use of a solid sampler for the estimation of residual solvents in oils and oleoresins.
PubMed:Trichloroethylene effects on animal behavior. The effects of trichloroethylene vapors on a food motivated conditioned climbing reaction of rats.
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