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delta-elemene

flavor and fragrance agents
2D:
3D:
CAS Number: 20307-84-0
FDA UNII: Search
CoE Number: 10996
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
IUPAC Name: delta-elemene
InChI : InChI=1/C15H24/c1-7-15(6)9-8-13(11(2)3)10-14(15)12(4)5/h7,10-11,14H,1,4,8-9H2,2-3,5-6H3/t14-,15-/m0/s1
Std.InChI: InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-7-15(6)9-8-13(11(2)3)10-14(15)12(4)5/h7,10-11,14H,1,4,8-9H2,2-3,5-6H3/t14-,15-/m0/s1
InChIKey : MXDMETWAEGIFOE-GJZGRUSLBU
Std.InChIKey: MXDMETWAEGIFOE-GJZGRUSLBU
SMILES : CC(C)C1=C[C@H]([C@@](CC1)(C)C=C)C(=C)C
Molar Refractivity : 69.90 ± 0.3 cm3 (est)
Parachor : 551.9 ± 6.0 cm3 (est)
Index of Refraction : 1.507 ± 0.02 (est)
Surface Tension : 30.6 ± 3.0 dyne/cm (est)
Density : 0.870 ± 0.06 g/cm3 (est)
Polarizability : 27.71 ± 0.5 10-24cm3 (est)

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:

Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
DG SANTE Food Flavourings:01.039 delta-elemene

Physical Properties:

Appearance:colorless to yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity:0.85600 to 0.86200 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.123 to 7.173
Refractive Index:1.48000 to 1.48600 @ 20.00 °C.
Boiling Point: 254.00 to 255.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Boiling Point: 107.00 °C. @ 10.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure:0.028000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 211.00 °F. TCC ( 99.50 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 6.446 (est)
Soluble in:
water, 0.01368 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

Organoleptic Properties:

Cosmetic Information:

None found

Suppliers:

BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
4-Ethenyl-4-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-3-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene
Chemical Sources Association
Need This Item for Flavor/Food?: You can contact the Chemical Sources Association

Safety Information:

Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in Use Information:

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for delta-elemene usage levels up to:
3.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 0.012 (μg/capita/day)
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): 3900 (μg/person/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i).
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm.
average usage mg/kgmaximum usage mg/kg
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): 7.0000035.00000
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): 5.0000025.00000
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): 10.0000050.00000
Processed fruit (04.1): 7.0000035.00000
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): --
Confectionery (05.0): 10.0000050.00000
Chewing gum (05.3): --
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): 4.0000025.00000
Bakery wares (07.0): 10.0000050.00000
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): 2.0000010.00000
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): 2.0000010.00000
Eggs and egg products (10.0): --
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): --
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): 5.0000025.00000
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): 10.0000050.00000
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): 5.0000025.00000
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): 10.0000050.00000
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): 20.00000100.00000
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): 5.0000025.00000

Safety References:

European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, (FGE.25)[1] - Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 78 (FGE.78)[1] - Consideration of Aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives,Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 1 (FGE.78Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev2
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Scientific opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 3 (FGE.25Rev3): Aliphatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :12004383
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
(3S,4R)-4-ethenyl-4-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-3-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene
Chemidplus:0020307840

References:

(3S,4R)-4-ethenyl-4-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-3-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):12004383
Pubchem (sid):135045775
Flavornet:20307-84-0
Pherobase:View

Potential Blenders and core components :

For Odor
amber
amber naphthofuran
FL/FR
balsamic
balsam ketone
FR
laevo-
borneol
FL/FR
brachyleana hutchinsii wood oil
FR
opoponax resinoid replacer
FR
valerian rhizome absolute
FL/FR
citrus
tetrahydromyrcenyl acetate
FR
earthy
(Z)-
linalool oxide (furanoid)
FL/FR
floral
beta-
ionone
FL/FR
lavandin oil
FL/FR
linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR
linalyl propionate
FL/FR
2-
methyl naphthalene
FL/FR
nonisyl propionate
FR
bitter
orangeflower concrete morocco
FR
tetrahydrolinalyl acetate
FR
fruity
(R)-gamma-
dodecalactone
FL/FR
fruity cyclopentanone
FR
menthyl isovalerate
FL/FR
green
iso
green methanoindene
FR
rose leaf absolute (rosa centifolia)
FL/FR
herbal
amber dioxepine
FR
bergamot mint herb oil
FR
iso
dihydrolavandulal
FL/FR
lavandin fragrance
FR
abrialis
lavandin oil
FL/FR
lavandin oil replacer
FR
lavandin specialty
FR
iso
lavandyl acetate
FR
methyl hexyl ether
FL/FR
ocimene oxirane
FR
3-
octanone
FL/FR
tea leaf absolute
FL/FR
mentholic
iso
pulegyl acetate
FL/FR
musk
acetyl ethyl tetramethyl tetralin replacer
FR
musk decanolide
FR
musty
ketoiso
phorone
FL/FR
spicy
2,5-
dimethyl bicyclo(3.2.1)-2-octen-3-yl acetate + 1,4-dimethyl bicyclo(3.2.1)-2-octen-3-yl acetate
FR
ginger root absolute
FL/FR
grains of paradise oil
FL/FR
methyl heptadienone
FL/FR
woody
agarwood oil (aetoxylon sympetalum)
FR
cabreuva wood oil
FR
alpha-
farnesene
FL/FR
alpha-
farnesene isomer
FL/FR
guaiacwood oil 20% in gurjun balsam oil
FR
gurjun balsam oil
FR
homalomena rubescens root oil
FR
iso
longifolene epoxide
FR
sandalwood oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
spikenard oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
For Flavor
No flavor group found for these
(R)-gamma-
dodecalactone
FL/FR
grains of paradise oil
FL/FR
(Z)-
linalool oxide (furanoid)
FL/FR
spikenard oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
amber
amber
amber naphthofuran
FL/FR
camphoreous
laevo-
borneol
FL/FR
citrus
ketoiso
phorone
FL/FR
ethereal
methyl hexyl ether
FL/FR
floral
linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR
fruity
menthyl isovalerate
FL/FR
valerian rhizome absolute
FL/FR
green
alpha-
farnesene
FL/FR
alpha-
farnesene isomer
FL/FR
methyl heptadienone
FL/FR
iso
phorone
FL
rose leaf absolute (rosa centifolia)
FL/FR
herbal
iso
dihydrolavandulal
FL/FR
lavandin oil
FL/FR
abrialis
lavandin oil
FL/FR
linalyl propionate
FL/FR
mushroom
3-
octanone
FL/FR
oily
2-
methyl naphthalene
FL/FR
smoky
dextro-
xylose
FL
spicy
ginger root absolute
FL/FR
tea
tea leaf absolute
FL/FR
woody
beta-
ionone
FL/FR
iso
pulegyl acetate
FL/FR
sandalwood oil CO2 extract
FL/FR

Potential Uses:

None Found

Occurrence (nature, food, other):

angelica root oil @ 0.42%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
anise seed
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baccharis coridifolia oil argentina @ 0.10%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
basil oil CO2 sweet @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
basil oil sweet @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
bergamot oil @ 0.000-0.007%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
boronia absolute @ 0.01%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
cajuput oil vietnam @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
calamus leaf oil @ 0.21%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
calamus root oil mongolia @ 0.50%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
cananga leaf oil @ 1.1%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
cassis bud oil @ trace-0.24%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
cedrela wood oil @ 0.44%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
chamomile oil morocco @ 0.70%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
citronella oil ceylon @ 0.03%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
citronella oil china @ 0.01%
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citronella oil java @ 0.01%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
clary sage oil spain @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
croton cajucara benth. leaf oil brazil @ 0.30%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
croton flavens l. (welensali) leaf oil curacao @ 0.30%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
cubeb oil @ 0.10%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
curcuma amada roxb. rhizome oil india @ 0.20%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
curry wood leaf oil australia @ 0.40%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
ginger root oil china @ 0.10%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
ginger root oil CO2 extract australia @ 0.23%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
guava leaf oil cuba @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
guava oil
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jambu flower oil brazil @ 0.30%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
kachur oil @ 0.20%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
lavender oil france @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
lime oil distilled mexico @ 0.06%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
lime oil distilled peru @ 0.05%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
lime oil expressed florida @ 0.1%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
mandarin fruit
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mandarin fruit juice - trace amount
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mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.01%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
marjoram oil sweet cuba @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
marjoram oil sweet cyprus @ trace-0.20%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
marjoram oil sweet turkey @ 0.03-0.04%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
marsypianthes chamaedrys (vahl) kuntze oil brazil @ 2.50%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
mikan peel oil @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
mikania cordata (burm. f.) b.l. robinson var. cordata leaf oil france @ 0.50%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
ocimum gratissimum l. oil brazil @ 0.17%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
orange peel oil bitter china @ 0.01%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
patchouli oil china @ 0.04%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
pepper black pepper fruit
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pepper black pepper fruit oil
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pepper oil black india @ 0.10%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
phlomis fruticosa l. flower oil greece @ 0.20%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
phoebe oil brazil @ 0.06%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
piper cernum vell. var. cernum yuncker leaf oil brazil @ 0.20%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
polyalthia australis (benth.) jessup leaf oil australia @ 0.40%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
ravintsara leaf oil @ 0.55%%
Data GC Search Picture
salvia atropatana bunge oil iran @ 1.10%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
salvia officinalis seed oil tunisia @ 0.07%
Data GC Search Trop

Synonyms:

1,3,6-elematriene
(3S,4R)-4-ethenyl-4-methyl-1-propan-2-yl-3-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene
(3R-(E))-4-ethenyl-4-methyl-3-(1-methyl ethenyl)-1-(1-methyl ethyl) cyclohexene
(3R-trans)-4-ethenyl-4-methyl-3-(1-methyl ethenyl)-1-(1-methyl ethyl) cyclohexene
(1S,2R)-(-)-2-isopropenyl-1-vinyl-p-menth-3-ene
(1S,2R)-(-)-2-isopropenyl-1-vinyl-para-menth-3-ene

Articles:

PubMed:Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Hornstedtia havilandii (Zingiberaceae).
PubMed:Combined analysis of the root bark oil of Cleistopholis glauca by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.
PubMed:Chemical composition of essential oils from the leaves and stem barks of Vietnamese species of Polyalthia harmandiiPolyalthia jucunda and Polyalthia thorelii.
PubMed:Constituents of essential oils from the leaves, stem barks and resins of Canarium parvum Leen., and Canarium tramdenanum Dai et Yakovl. (Burseracea) grown in Vietnam.
PubMed:Comparative analysis of the essential oil composition of Murraya paniculata and M. exotica.
PubMed:Essential oils composition of croton species from the Amazon.
PubMed:Quantitative Analysis and Discrimination of Steamed and Non-Steamed Rhizomes of Curcuma wenyujin by GC-MS and HPLC.
PubMed:Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of three essential oils from Curcuma wenyujin.
PubMed:Chemical composition and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of essential oils obtained from leaves of Xylopia frutescens and X. laevigata (Annonaceae).
PubMed:Analysis of Cleistopholis patens leaf and trunk bark oils using combined GC- flame ionisation detection, GC-retention index, GC-MS and (13) C-NMR.
PubMed:Essential oils from five species of Annonaceae from Vietnam.
PubMed:Antimicrobial Potential and Chemical Characterization of Serbian Liverwort (Porella arboris-vitae): SEM and TEM Observations.
PubMed:Antimicrobial activity of selected essential oils against cariogenic bacteria.
PubMed:Antifungal and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana from Spain.
PubMed:Study on the volatile oil contents of Annona glabra L., Annona squamosa L., Annona muricata L. and Annona reticulata L., from Vietnam.
PubMed:Chemical composition of the essential oils of Centaurea formanekii and C. orphanidea ssp. thessala, growing wild in Greece.
PubMed:Chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils from Duguetia lanceolata St. Hil. barks.
PubMed:Furanodiene induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and presents antiproliferative activities in lung cancer cells.
PubMed:Anti-cancer properties of terpenoids isolated from Rhizoma Curcumae--a review.
PubMed:Differences in the volatile compositions of ginseng species (Panax sp.).
PubMed:Composition and antioxidant capacity of the essential oil of leaves of Vitex megapotamica (Sprengel) Moldenke.
PubMed:Natural product studies of U.S. endangered plants: volatile components of Lindera melissifolia (Lauraceae) repel mosquitoes and ticks.
PubMed:Volatiles from Magnolia grandiflora flowers: comparative analysis by simultaneous distillation-extraction and solid phase microextraction.
PubMed:The leaf essential oils of five Vietnamese Desmos species (Annonaceae).
PubMed:Chemical and biological analyses of the essential oils and main constituents of Piper species.
PubMed:Induction of caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells by δ-elemene.
PubMed:Fractionation of volatile constituents from curcuma rhizome by preparative gas chromatography.
PubMed:California Lomatiums, Part X. Comparison of composition of the hydrodistilled oils from two subspecies of Lomatium mohavense.
PubMed:Changes in volatile compound composition of Antrodia camphorata during solid state fermentation.
PubMed:B-cell lymphoma-2 over-expression protects δ-elemene-induced apoptosis in human lung carcinoma mucoepidermoid cells via a nuclear factor kappa B-related pathway.
PubMed:Lysosomal membrane permeabilization contributes to elemene emulsion-induced apoptosis in A549 cells.
PubMed:The compositions of volatiles and aroma-active compounds in dried omija fruits (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) according to the cultivation areas.
PubMed:Insecticidal compounds from the essential oil of Chinese medicinal herb Atractylodes chinensis.
PubMed:Comparative volatile oil composition of four Ocimum species from northern India.
PubMed:Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Drimys granadensis L.f. leaves from Colombia.
PubMed:Essential oil composition of Vismia macrophylla leaves (Guttiferae).
PubMed:Caryophyllene oxide-rich essential oils of Lithuanian Artemisia campestris ssp. campestris and their toxicity.
PubMed:Phytochemical investigation of Verbesina turbacensis Kunth: trypanosome cysteine protease inhibition by (-)-bornyl esters.
PubMed:Essential oils from two Lantana species with antimycobacterial activity.
PubMed:Cell apoptosis induced by delta-elemene in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells via a mitochondrial-mediated pathway.
PubMed:Essential oil composition from two species of Piperaceae family grown in Colombia.
PubMed:Antiatherogenic activity of Dendropanax morbifera essential oil in rats.
PubMed:Seasonal variation and bioactivity in the leaf oil of Liriodendron tulipifera growing in Huntsville, Alabama.
PubMed:GC-MS analysis and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Stachys cretica subsp. smyrnaea.
PubMed:Essential oil compositions of three Lantana species from Monteverde, Costa Rica.
PubMed:Antiulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil from Pterodon emarginatus seeds.
PubMed:Synthesis and in vitro anti-proliferative activity of beta-elemene monosubstituted derivatives in HeLa cells mediated through arrest of cell cycle at the G1 phase.
PubMed:Chemical constituents and larvicidal property of the essential oil of Blumea mollis (D. Don) Merr. against Culex quinquefasciatus.
PubMed:Antiectoparasitic activity of the gum resin, gum haggar, from the East African plant, Commiphora holtziana.
PubMed:Bioactivity and chemical composition of the leaf essential oils of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium and Zanthoxylum setulosum from Monteverde, Costa Rica.
PubMed:Volatile components from the roots of Solanum pseudocapsicum.
PubMed:[Extraction and identification of volatile constituents in the flowers of Aglaia odorata Lour].
PubMed:The volatile constituents analysis of Eremostachys macrophylla Montbr. & Auch. from Iran.
PubMed:Effect of delta-elemene on Hela cell lines by apoptosis induction.
PubMed:Optimization of GC-MS conditions based on resolution and stability of analytes for simultaneous determination of nine sesquiterpenoids in three species of Curcuma rhizomes.
PubMed:[Radiosensitization of beta-elemene on VX2 carcinoma transplanted on kidney in rabbits in vivo].
PubMed:[Analysis of volatile constituents in leaves of three cypress species by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry].
PubMed:Determination of Teucrium chamaedrys volatiles by using direct thermal desorption-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Antioxidant and biocidal activities of Carum nigrum (seed) essential oil, oleoresin, and their selected components.
PubMed:Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography--mass spectrometry analysis of the volatile compounds of Evodia species fruits.
PubMed:Identification and quantitation of eleven sesquiterpenes in three species of Curcuma rhizomes by pressurized liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Analysis of leaf surface sesquiterpenes in potato varieties.
PubMed:Herbal drug quality and phytochemical composition of Hypericum perforatum L. affected by ash yellows phytoplasma infection.
PubMed:Application of multidimensional gas chromatography to the enantioselective characterisation of the essential oil of Eupatorium buniifolium Hooker et Arnott.
PubMed:Isogermacrene A, a proposed intermediate in sesquiterpene biosynthesis.
PubMed:Chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oils from endemic Psiadia species growing in mauritius.
PubMed:Volatile constituents and key odorants in leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits of Laurus nobilis L.
PubMed:Interspecific variation in terpenoid composition of defensive secretions of European Reticulitermes termites.
PubMed:Aroma compound analysis of Piper nigrum and Piper guineense essential oils from Cameroon using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography, solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and olfactometry.
PubMed:Germacrene A is a product of the aristolochene synthase-mediated conversion of farnesylpyrophosphate to aristolochene.
PubMed:[Clinical study on treatment of 40 cases of malignant brain tumor by elemene emulsion injection].
PubMed:Chemical variability of the volatile metabolites from the Caribbean corals of the genus Gorgonia.
PubMed:(+)-Germacrene A biosynthesis . The committed step in the biosynthesis of bitter sesquiterpene lactones in chicory
PubMed:Volatile constituents of Origanum vulgare ssp. viride (syn. O. heracleoticum) from Iran.
PubMed:[Essential oil components in leaves and stems of Piper bisasperatum (Piperaceae)].
PubMed:Production of volatile sesquiterpenes by Fusarium sambucinum strains with different abilities to synthesize trichothecenes.
PubMed:Germacrene-C, precursor of delta-elemene.
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