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cannola oil

edible fats and oils
2D:
3D:
CAS Number: 120962-03-0
FDA UNII: 331KBJ17RK
Category: edible fats and oils
IUPAC Name: cannola oil

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:

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Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, Notices:
GRN 425 Canola oil (low erucic acid rapeseed oil) View - notice PDF
GRN 33 Low erucic acid oil derived from Brassica juncea View - notice PDF
FDA Mainterm (SATF):120962-03-0 ; RAPESEED OIL, LOW ERUCIC ACID
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 184 -- DIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE
Subpart B--Listing of Specific Substances Affirmed as GRAS
Sec. 184.1555 Rapeseed oil.

Physical Properties:

Appearance:pale yellow oily liquid (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 230.00 °F. TCC ( 110.00 °C. )
Soluble in:
water, 9.967e-020 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

Suppliers:

Adams Group
Non-GMO Canola Oil
ADM
CANOLA B100
Odor: characteristic
Use: Canola B100, part of Biodiesel
ADM
CANOLA B99
Odor: characteristic
Use: Canola B99, part of Biodiesel
ADM
CANOLA OIL, PALM OIL
Flavor: characteristic
Spreads, margarine
ADM
RBD CANOLA OIL
Flavor: characteristic
Baking, frying, sauces, dressings.
ADM
RBD OMEGA 9 CANOLA OIL
Flavor: characteristic
Frying, spray oil, baking.
Allan Chemical
Canola Oil
American International Chemical, LLC.
VEGELATUM® CLEAR RM
American International Chemical, LLC.
VEGELATUM® EQUILINE SF
Augustus Oils
Canola Fixed Oil
Services
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Canola oil 95%
Cargill, Inc.
Agri-Pure® 290A
Cargill, Inc.
Agri-Pure® 60
Cargill, Inc.
Clear Valley® 65 high oleic canola oil
Cargill, Inc.
Clear Valley® 75 high oleic canola oil
Cargill, Inc.
High Oleic canola oil
Cargill, Inc.
Odyssey™ 95 high stability canola
Cargill, Inc.
Solo® 100 Canola Oil (Natural)
(also available with additives)
Cargill, Inc.
Solo® 1000 canola oil
(also available with additives)
Charkit Chemical
CANNOLA OIL
Charkit Chemical
CANOLA OIL EXPELLER PRESSED RBD NON GMO
Charkit Chemical
CANOLA OIL ORGANIC
Columbus Vegetable Oils
Canola Oil
Columbus Vegetable Oils
High Oleic Canola Oil
Indenta Group
Canola Oil
Kerry
Nutrvie™ Canola 40
Flavor: characteristic
Nutrvie™ Canola 40 contains 40% vegetable oil, providing a concentrated fat source, from rapeseed oil. It contains 26% oleic acid and 3�5% linolenic acid.
Lipo Chemicals
Lipovol® CAN
Odor: characteristic
Use: Lipovol® CAN is a natural vegetable oil with an smooth and light feel on the skin. It spreads quickly and leaves the skin with a moisturized but nongreasy feel. Lipovol® CAN is recommended for use in all natural theme formulations including skin care, hair care, particularly in shampoos, makeup, bath products and treatment products.
M&U International
Canola
Penta International
CANOLA OIL
Sigma-Aldrich
Canola oil, Certified organic (NOP)
Certified Food Grade Products
Vigon International
Cannola Oil
Welch, Holme & Clark
CANNOLA OIL
Odor: characteristic
Use: Canola oil is the market name for rapeseed oil which, as might be assumed from the name, is expressed from rape seeds. For obvious reasons, the name was changed to canola by the Canadian seed-oil industry. Canola is, in fact, Canada's most widely used oil. It's commonly referred to there as lear oil, for "low erucic acid rapeseed" oil. The popularity of canola oil is rising fast in the United States, probably because it's been discovered to be lower in saturated fat (about 6 percent) than any other oil. This compares to the saturated fat content of peanut oil (about 18 percent) and palm oil (at an incredibly high 79 percent). Another canola oil selling point is that it contains more cholesterol-balancing monounsaturated fat than any oil except olive oil. Lower in saturated fat than any other oil, canola oil also contains Omega-3 fatty acids which are said to lower cholesterol.

Safety Information:

Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
None - None found.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in Use Information:

Category:
edible fats and oils
Recommendation for cannola oil usage levels up to:
not for fragrance use.
Recommendation for cannola oil flavor usage levels up to:
not for flavor use.

Safety References:

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Review of substances/agents that have direct beneficial effect on the environment: mode of action and assessment of efficacy
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):120962-03-0
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:nwg
brassica napus l. oil
Chemidplus:0120962030

References:

brassica napus l. oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List:120962-03-0
Pubchem (sid):135278383

Other Information:

FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances:View
Export Tariff Code:1515.90.0000
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
Wikipedia:View

Potential Blenders and core components :

None Found

Potential Uses:

emollients
skin conditioning

Occurrence (nature, food, other):

kale siberian kale
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Synonyms:

agri-pure 290A
agri-pure 60
brassica napus oil
canbra oil
cannola oil
cannola oil organic
canola oil
clear valley 65 high oleic canola oil
clear valley 75 high oleic canola oil
high oleic canola oil
non-GMO canola oil
odyssey 95 high stability canola oil
RBD omega 9 canola oil
RBD canola oil
solo 1000 canola oil
solo 100 canola oil (natural)
lear oil
lipovol can
low erucic acid oil derived from brassica juncea
oil derived from brassica napus l., brassicaceae, low in erucic acid
erglu rapeseed oil
lesira rapeseed oil
low erucic acid rapeseed oil
oro rapeseed oil
primor rapeseed oil
span rapeseed oil
tower rapeseed oil
zephyr rapeseed oil
rapeseed oro oil

Articles:

PubMed:Effect of Soybean Lecithin on Iron-Catalyzed or Chlorophyll-Photosensitized Oxidation of Canola Oil Emulsion.
PubMed:Value-added potential of expeller-pressed canola oil refining: characterization of sinapic Acid derivatives and tocopherols from byproducts.
PubMed:Digestion of microencapsulated oil powders: in vitro lipolysis and in vivo absorption from a food matrix.
PubMed:Effect of frying oils on the postprandial endoplasmic reticulum stress in obese people.
PubMed:Influence of emulsifier concentration on nanoemulsion gelation.
PubMed:Structures of octenylsuccinylated starches: effects on emulsions containing β-carotene.
PubMed:A dietary biomarker approach captures compliance and cardiometabolic effects of a healthy nordic diet in individuals with metabolic syndrome.
PubMed:Thermal inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli cells in mechanically tenderized veal.
PubMed:Quality evaluation of noble mixed oil blended with palm and canola oil.
PubMed:Early endothelial nitrosylation and increased abdominal adiposity in Wistar rats after long-term consumption of food fried in canola oil.
PubMed:Use of pilot plant scale continuous fryer to simulate industrial production of potato chips: thermal properties of palm olein blends under continuous frying conditions.
PubMed:Canola oil influence on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in Kunming mice.
PubMed:Enzyme-modified starch as an oil delivery system for bake-only chicken nuggets.
PubMed:Bioavailability and bioaccumulation of sediment-bound polychlorinated biphenyls to carp.
PubMed:Total Phospholipids in Edible Oils by In-Vial Solvent Extraction Coupled with FTIR Analysis.
PubMed:Monoacylglycerol gel offers improved lipid profiles in high and low moisture baked products but does not influence postprandial lipid and glucose responses.
PubMed:Effect of microwave heating on the quality characteristics of canola oil in presence of palm olein.
PubMed:Quality of ω-3 fatty acid enriched low-fat chicken meat patties incorporated with selected levels of linseed flour/oil and canola flour/oil.
PubMed:Thirteen week rodent feeding study with processed fractions from herbicide tolerant (DP-Ø73496-4) canola.
PubMed:Frying stability of rapeseed Kizakinonatane (Brassica napus) oil in comparison with canola oil.
PubMed:Skatole metabolism in the pigs with reduced testicular oestrogen synthesis.
PubMed:High feeding intensity increases the severity of fatty liver in the American mink (Neovison vison) with potential ameliorating role for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
PubMed:Determination of zinc in edible oils by flow injection FAAS after extraction induced by emulsion breaking procedure.
PubMed:Type and amount of lipids influence the molecular and textural properties of a soy soft pretzel.
PubMed:Phosphatidylcholine and dihydrocaffeic acid amide mixture enhanced the thermo-oxidative stability of canola oil.
PubMed:The influence of deep frying using various vegetable oils on acrylamide formation in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) chips.
PubMed:HPLC study of migration of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid from PET bottles into edible oils.
PubMed:A diet high in α-linolenic acid and monounsaturated fatty acids attenuates hepatic steatosis and alters hepatic phospholipid fatty acid profile in diet-induced obese rats.
PubMed:Effects of heating, aerial exposure and illumination on stability of fucoxanthin in canola oil.
PubMed:Analysis of recycled poly (styrene-co-butadiene) sulfonation: a new approach in solid catalysts for biodiesel production.
PubMed:Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
PubMed:Performance of Regular and Modified Canola and Soybean Oils in Rotational Frying.
PubMed:Effects of perilla oil on plasma concentrations of cardioprotective (n-3) fatty acids and lipid profiles in mice.
PubMed:Biophenols and antioxidant properties of Australian canola meal.
PubMed:Lipase-catalysed interesterification between canola oil and fully hydrogenated canola oil in contact with supercritical carbon dioxide.
PubMed:Comparison of the effects of canola oil versus sunflower oil on the biochemical markers of bone metabolism in osteoporosis.
PubMed:Canola oil consumption and bone health.
PubMed:Monola oil versus canola oil as a fish oil replacer in rainbow trout feeds: effects on growth, fatty acid metabolism and final eating quality.
PubMed:Role of initial contamination levels, biofilm maturity and presence of salt and fat on desiccation survival of Listeria monocytogenes on stainless steel surfaces.
PubMed:High-fat diets containing soybean or canola oil affect differently pancreas function of young male rats.
PubMed:Evidence of health benefits of canola oil.
PubMed:Production and characterization of a functional Iranian white brined cheese by replacement of dairy fat with vegetable oils.
PubMed:Fat absorption and deposition in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed a high fat diet.
PubMed:Bioaccessibility of carotenoids from transgenic provitamin A biofortified sorghum.
PubMed:Carotenoid bioavailability from raw vegetables and a moderate amount of oil in human subjects is greatest when the majority of daily vegetables are consumed at one meal.
PubMed:Principles, performance, and applications of spectral reconstitution (SR) in quantitative analysis of oils by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
PubMed:Chemical Stability of the Lipid Phase in Concentrated Beverage Emulsions Colored with Natural β-Carotene.
PubMed:The antioxidants in oils heated at frying temperature, whether natural or added, could protect against postprandial oxidative stress in obese people.
PubMed:Long-chain monounsaturated Fatty acids and incidence of congestive heart failure in 2 prospective cohorts.
PubMed:Determination of antioxidant activity in foods and beverages by reaction with 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH): collaborative study First Action 2012.04.
PubMed:Characterization of oils and fats by 1H NMR and GC/MS fingerprinting: classification, prediction and detection of adulteration.
PubMed:Barcode DNA high-resolution melting (Bar-HRM) analysis as a novel close-tubed and accurate tool for olive oil forensic use.
PubMed:γ-Oryzanol protects against acute cadmium-induced oxidative damage in mice testes.
PubMed:Effects of fatty acid composition and β-carotene on the chlorophyll photosensitized oxidation of W/O emulsion affected by phosphatidylcholine.
PubMed:Extreme pH treatments enhance the structure-reinforcement role of soy protein isolate and its emulsions in pork myofibrillar protein gels in the presence of microbial transglutaminase.
PubMed:Low-fiber canola. Part 2. Nutritive value of the meal.
PubMed:Low-fiber canola. Part 1. Chemical and nutritive composition of the meal.
PubMed:Isoflavone retention during processing, bioaccessibility, and transport by Caco-2 cells: effects of source and amount of fat in a soy soft pretzel.
PubMed:[Efectiveness of long-term consumption of nuts, seeds and seeds' oil on glucose and lipid levels; systematic review].
PubMed:Effect of canola oil emulsion injection on processing characteristics and consumer acceptability of three muscles from mature beef.
PubMed:Relationships between molecular structure and kinetic and thermodynamic controls in lipid systems. Part I: propensity for oil loss of saturated triacylglycerols.
PubMed:The growth performance of Jade Tiger cultured abalone fed diets supplemented with fish oil and vegetable oils.
PubMed:Oxidative stability and consumer acceptance of fish oil fortified nutrition bars.
PubMed:Transparent testa16 plays multiple roles in plant development and is involved in lipid synthesis and embryo development in canola.
PubMed:Reduction in resident microflora, and experimentally inoculated Salmonella enterica, on spinach leaves treated with vinegar and canola oil.
PubMed:Textural, physicochemical and sensory properties compensation of fat replacing in pork liver pâté incorporating emulsified canola oil.
PubMed:Meal triacylglycerol profile modulates postprandial absorption of carotenoids in humans.
PubMed:Formation of trans fats during food preparation.
PubMed:Antioxidant activity of capsaicinoid in canola oil.
PubMed:Textural and viscoelastic properties of pork frankfurters containing canola-olive oils, rice bran, and walnut.
PubMed:Effect of consumption of fatty acids, calcium, vitamin D and boron with regular physical activity on bone mechanical properties and corresponding metabolic hormones in rats.
PubMed:Internal quality and shelf life of eggs coated with oils from different sources.
PubMed:Nonionic surfactant and interfacial structure impact crystallinity and stability of β-carotene loaded lipid nanodispersions.
PubMed:Mechanical properties of ethylcellulose oleogels and their potential for saturated fat reduction in frankfurters.
PubMed:Color and chemical properties of oil used for deep frying on a large scale.
PubMed:Effect of combination therapy of fatty acids, calcium, vitamin D and boron with regular physical activity on cardiovascular risk factors in rat.
PubMed:Chemical interesterification of blends of palm stearin, coconut oil, and canola oil: physicochemical properties.
PubMed:Digestibility and β-carotene release from lipid nanodispersions depend on dispersed phase crystallinity and interfacial properties.
PubMed:The postprandial inflammatory response after ingestion of heated oils in obese persons is reduced by the presence of phenol compounds.
PubMed:Essential fats: how do they affect growth and development of infants and young children in developing countries? A literature review.
PubMed:Modulation of cytokines, resistin, and distribution of adipose tissue in C57BL/6 mice by different high-fat diets.
PubMed:Effects of phospholipids on the antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol in the singlet oxygen oxidation of canola oil.
PubMed:Textural attributes and oxidative stability of pork longissimus muscle injected with marbling-like emulsified lipids.
PubMed:A new direct Fourier transform infrared analysis of free fatty acids in edible oils using spectral reconstitution.
PubMed:Effects of protein separation conditions on the functional and thermal properties of canola protein isolates.
PubMed:Dietary obesity caused by a specific circadian eating pattern.
PubMed:Flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for trace element determination in vegetable oils, margarine and butter after sample emulsification.
PubMed:The development of flow-through bio-catalyst microreactors from silica micro structured fibers for lipid transformations.
PubMed:Reducing the impact of pesticides on biological control in Australian vineyards: pesticide mortality and fecundity effects on an indicator species, the predatory mite Euseius victoriensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae).
PubMed:Fat reduction in comminuted meat products-effects of beef fat, regular and pre-emulsified canola oil.
PubMed:Fish oil promotes survival and protects against cognitive decline in severely undernourished mice by normalizing satiety signals.
PubMed:Influence of heating time and metal ions on the amount of free fatty acids and formation rates of selected carbonyl compounds during the thermal oxidation of canola oil.
PubMed:A highly saturated fat-rich diet is more obesogenic than diets with lower saturated fat content.
PubMed:Effects of two types of soy protein isolates, native and preheated whey protein isolates on emulsified meat batters prepared at different protein levels.
PubMed:Quantification of oil binding capacity of structuring fats: A novel method and its application.
PubMed:Effects of beer-battering on the frying properties of rice and wheat batters and their coated foods.
PubMed:Effect of long-term optional ingestion of canola oil, grape seed oil, corn oil and yogurt butter on serum, muscle and liver cholesterol status in rats.
PubMed:Hypertension induced by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency is alleviated by alpha-linolenic acid regardless of dietary source.
PubMed:Structural changes and functional properties of threadfin bream sarcoplasmic proteins subjected to pH-shifting treatments and lyophilization.
PubMed:Physicochemical effects of the lipid phase and protein level on meat emulsion stability, texture, and microstructure.
PubMed:Determination of trans vitamin K1 in infant and medical nutritional products using AOAC Method 999.15 with modified preparation and extraction procedures and C30 bonded phase chromatography: single-laboratory validation.
PubMed:The nutritional value of expeller-pressed canola meal for grower-finisher pigs.
PubMed:Enhanced stabilization of cloudy emulsions with gum Arabic and whey protein isolate.
PubMed:Benzo[a]pyrene and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels in vegetable oils and fats do not reflect the occurrence of the eight genotoxic PAHs.
PubMed:Environmental life cycle comparison of algae to other bioenergy feedstocks.
PubMed:Self-assembled nanostructures of oleic acid and their capacity for encapsulation and controlled delivery of nutrients.
PubMed:Effects of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine on the photooxidation of canola oil.
PubMed:Freeze-thaw stability of water-in-oil emulsions.
PubMed:Removal of emulsified food and mineral oils from wastewater using surfactant modified barley straw.
PubMed:Increasing the flow of carbon into seed oil.
PubMed:Production of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from defatted canola meal.
PubMed:A novel wire mesh "cell" for studying lipid oxidative processes by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
PubMed:Dietary supplementation of L-arginine and conjugated linoleic acid reduces retroperitoneal fat mass and increases lean body mass in rats.
PubMed:Crushed sunflower, flax, or canola seeds in lactating dairy cow diets: effects on methane production, rumen fermentation, and milk production.
PubMed:Assessing palatability of long-chain fatty acids from the licking behavior of BALB/c mice.
PubMed:Symbiotic effects of a lipase-secreting bacterium, Burkholderia arboris SL1B1, and a glycerol-assimilating yeast, Candida cylindracea SL1B2, on triacylglycerol degradation.
PubMed:Short-term oral toxicity of three biodiesels and an ultra-low sulfur diesel in male rats.
PubMed:Fatty acid-derived diisocyanate and biobased polyurethane produced from vegetable oil: synthesis, polymerization, and characterization.
PubMed:Effect of fat saturation on satiety, hormone release, and food intake.
PubMed:Reduction of oil absorption in deep-fried, battered, and breaded chicken patties using whey protein isolate as a postbreading dip: effect on flavor, color, and texture.
PubMed:Free radical addition of butanethiol to vegetable oil double bonds.
PubMed:Effects of protein level and fat/oil on emulsion stability, texture, microstructure and color of meat batters.
PubMed:Similar changes in clinical and pathological parameters in Wistar Kyoto rats after a 13-week dietary intake of canola oil or a fatty acid composition-based interesterified canola oil mimic.
PubMed:Reduction of oil absorption in deep-fried, battered, and breaded chicken patties using whey protein isolate as a postbreading dip: effect on lipid and moisture content.
PubMed:Dispersal of Formulations of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. erythroxyli and F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis by Ants.
PubMed:Home use of vegetable oils, markers of systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction among women.
PubMed:Optimization of solid fat content and crystal properties of a trans-free structured lipid by blending with palm midfraction.
PubMed:trans-Free margarines prepared with canola oil/palm stearin/palm kernel oil-based structured lipids.
PubMed:Sequential interpenetrating polymer networks produced from vegetable oil based polyurethane and poly(methyl methacrylate).
PubMed:Dietary fat, cooking fat, and breast cancer risk in a multiethnic population.
PubMed:Interesterification of olive oil with a fully hydrogenated fat in a batch reactor using step changes in temperature.
PubMed:Different effects of 26-week dietary intake of rapeseed oil and soybean oil on plasma lipid levels, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
PubMed:Farmer knowledge and risk analysis: postrelease evaluation of herbicide-tolerant canola in Western Canada.
PubMed:Physical properties of sequential interpenetrating polymer networks produced from canola oil-based polyurethane and poly(methyl methacrylate).
PubMed:The digestibility and accumulation of dietary phytosterols in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolt fed diets with replacement plant oils.
PubMed:Mediterranean-type diet and risk of preterm birth among women in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa): a prospective cohort study.
PubMed:Characteristics of the diet patterns tested in the optimal macronutrient intake trial to prevent heart disease (OmniHeart): options for a heart-healthy diet.
PubMed:Modified fractal model and rheological properties of colloidal networks.
PubMed:Synthesis and characterization of canola oil-stearic acid-based trans-free structured lipids for possible margarine application.
PubMed:Impact of fatty acyl composition and quantity of triglycerides on bioaccessibility of dietary carotenoids.
PubMed:Physical properties of canola oil based polyurethane networks.
PubMed:Dietary modeling shows that the substitution of canola oil for fats commonly used in the United States would increase compliance with dietary recommendations for fatty acids.
PubMed:Properties of low-moisture viscoplastic materials consisting of oil droplets dispersed in a protein-carbohydrate-glycerol matrix: effect of oil concentration.
PubMed:Analysis of chemical warfare agents in food products by atmospheric pressure ionization-high field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Isolation, characterization, and emulsifying properties of wattle seed (Acacia victoriae Bentham) extracts.
PubMed:Physical properties of polyurethane plastic sheets produced from polyols from canola oil.
PubMed:Effects of three biodiesels and a low sulfur diesel in male rats--a pilot 4-week oral study.
PubMed:Rapid determination of free fatty acids in poultry feed lipid extracts by SB-ATR FTIR spectroscopy.
PubMed:Antioxidant protection of edible oils.
PubMed:Consumption of a novel dietary formula of plant sterol esters of canola oil fatty acids, in a canola oil matrix containing 1,3-diacylglycerol, reduces oxidative stress in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
PubMed:Enrichment of tocopherols and phytosterols in canola oil during seed germination.
PubMed:Mechanism of oil uptake during deep-fat frying and the su
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